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外部性(externalities)

【参考答案】

外部性是指当某个企业的经济行为(或者某个人的消费行为)，经过非价格手段，直接地、不可避免地影响了其他企业的生产(或者其他......

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A country currently imports automobiles at ＄8000 each．Its government believes domestic producers could manufacture autos for only ＄6000 given time but that there would be an initial shakedown period during which autos would cost ＄10,000 to produce domestically．
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