未知题型

以下是两个实验，两组实验的被试均为美国人和日本人。思维差异的实验：要求被试看一段20秒的动画

以下是两个实验，两组实验的被试均为美国人和日本人。思维差异的实验：要求被试看一段20秒的动画片段，然后描述自己所看到的是什么。被试的描述中所说的第一句话作为被试是先注意到突出的目标还是背景的指标。结果发现美国人最先提到目标的频率远比日本人多，而日本人更多地首先注意到背景。并且日本人也比美国人更容易注意背景与主体的关系。这也意味着两种不同的特征捆绑策略，将特征单独识别并进行序列加工，还是把不同的特征捆绑在一起识别。以日本人为代表的东亚人显然更倾向于后者，这是一种整体思维的表现，而以美国人为代表的西方人则倾向于独立加工，是一种分析思维的表现。东亚人的这种整体思维还体现在一些东方特有的学问上，比如周易，比如风水。面孔识别和表情表达与识别实验：在一项对面孔进行亚洲面孔与西方面孔的学习、再认与分类的眼动实验中，东西方被试的注视点分布出现差异。西方人符合此前传统上认为的人类对面孔识别的策略：集中与双眼与嘴部，大致是一个三角形的区域;然而东方被试却把注视点集中在更加中心的地方—鼻子。对于以美国人为代表的西方人来说，更愿意表现出明显的表情，也就是用嘴部比较多，所以他们的表情文字是这样：快乐，悲伤。对于以日本人为代表的东方人来说，由于更加倾向于内敛，希望控制自己不要做出过夸张的表情，于是会更多的控制嘴巴的活动，但是由于控制眼睛活动比较难，所以会用眼部运动来表达情绪，日本人的表情文字是这样：快乐(^_^)，悲伤(;_;)。相应的，识别表情的时候，美国人更倾向与从嘴巴来判断;日本人则会从眼睛判断。以上的两组实验采用的是什么方法论策略？如何理解这种方法论策略？以上的实验具体采用的是哪种研究策略？你认为能否在可信度和有效度两方面得出公平的研究结论？

【参考答案】

这两组实验采用的是跨文化比较研究的方法论策略。这种方法论策略通过比较不同文化背景下的个体或群体在特定任务或情境中的行为、......

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相关考题

单项选择题

Fifty volunteers were alphabetically divided into two equal groups. Group A is to partic

ipate in a 7-week exercise program and Group B is to avoid planned exercise of any sort during those 7 weeks. On the day before the exercise program began, all 50 men participated in a step-test. This consisted of stepping up and down on a 16-inch bench, at 30 steps a minute for 5 minutes. One minute after completion of the step-test, the pulse rate of each subject (被测试者 ) was taken and recorded. This served as the pretest for the experiment. For the next 7 weeks, subjects in Group A rode an Exercycle (机器脚踏车 ) for 15 minutes each day, while Group B remained doing no planned exercises.At the end of the 7 weeks, the step-test was again given to both groups of subjects, and their pulses taken. The post-exercise pulse rates of subjects in the experimental were found to have decreased an average of 30 heart beats per minutes, with the lowest decrease 28 and the highest decrease 46. The pulse rates of subjects in the control group remained the same or changed no more than 4 beats, with an average difference between the initial and final tests of zero.1).The step-test was given ()A、after each exercise periodB、at the beginning and at the end of the seven week periodC、only once, at the beginning of the seven week periodD、twice to the men in Group A and once to the men in Group B2).The post-exercise pulse rates of Group B were found on the average to have ()A、not changedB、gone down 28 beats per minuteC、gone down 30 beats per minute？D、gone down 4 beats per minute3).How many people were in each group？ ()A、100B、50C、25D、154).What did Group A in their program？ They ()every day.A、stepped up and down on a benchB、pushed and pulled on exercise handlesC、rode on an ExercycleD、refrained from any exercise5).When was pulse taken？ ()A、After every exercise periodB、Every dayC、Every time the ratio of active riding was increasedD、After the step-test

未知题型

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单项选择题

"健肢用力运动时引起的患肢张力增加和广泛痉挛"属于（）

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